Ficus carica hairy roots: In vitro anti-leishmanial activity against Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes

Objective: To investigate the biochemical capacity, and in vitro inhibitory effects of hairy roots from two cultivars Ficus carica L. (Sabz Siah) on Leishmania major promastigotes amastigotes.Methods: In roots, activity antioxidant enzymes compared to normal leaves presence some phenolic compounds comparison with fruits were investigated. The IC50 values was determined by tetrazolium-dye 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide trypan blue assays. By calculating infectivity index peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), leishmanicidal (IC50 values) for amastigotes estimated. treatment levels IFN-γ iNOS expression, intracellular reactive oxygen species, protein expression infected-PBMCs determined.Results: Based enzyme assays high performance liquid chromatography analysis, exhibited capacity contained compounds. According results 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, assays, root extracts both showed considerable dose-dependent against promastigotes. Depending concentration exposure time, caused generation a significant up- regulation genes value controls.Conclusions: findings this study suggest that can be considered as promising natural source antileishmanial agents.